明朝末年降将如云吴三桂何其独受谴责
明末降将如云，吴三桂何其独受谴责？公元1644年，李自成的起义军攻入北京，当时在宁远的辽东总兵吴三桂接到命令，准备发兵保卫京城。部队行至山海关之时，就接到了崇祯皇帝自缢的消息。此时的吴三桂是真正的应了一句俗语“前有猛虎，后有追兵。”前面是李自成的义军拦路，后面是多尔衮的清军追击，无论面对谁，吴三桂都是无力一战的情况下。
于是降或死，这是一个问题，不过还在李自成抬了吴三桂一手，杀了他的全家、夺了爱妾陈圆圆。吴三桂必须报仇，要报仇自然是不可能生存，所以只有降清这条路了。于是他就此背上了汉奸的千古骂名。不过明末时候投降清廷的人是很多，如洪承畴、祖大寿、耿精忠、尚之喜以及范文正等等。这位范文正作为谋臣，对于明朝太熟悉，一路指导八旗杀入关内。
如此多贰臣为什么偏偏是吴三桂最受人唾弃呢？其实随着封建政权逐步瓦解，文化思想也得到了很大的解放。人们认识到分析历史问题就要本着实事求是的态度，不可以以讹传讹。而为了追求戏剧性和情节美感，有些故事与正史会有些出入。此外美人的出现往往能挖掘更多的情节，让人垂涎欲滴。
安禄山与杨贵妃，他们两个名字放在一起，就让人心生敬畏。而想象一下常在边关生活的大将安禄山，以及养在深宫中的杨贵妃，她们看到边关热血男儿，或许也会心跳加速。我不知道，但历史文献上也没有详细记载，这些都是众说纷纭。人们已经不介意你说的是不是真的，他们只想看听起来刺激有趣的话题。
再说来，因为一位艺伎不惜让自己的国家万劫不复，这种故事应该就是满清统治阶层为了强调忠君爱国，以吴三桂为反面教材来警告明末残余势力不要继续做无谓斗争。所以很多人会觉得WuThreeGates is "confused with the red face" and forget that his whole family was killed. Wugate not only betrayed the Ming dynasty, but also betrayed China, which is one of the points of contention.
In 1662, Wugate invaded Burma to ask for a person from the Burmese king - the Ming Yongli Emperor. The Burmese king was unable to fight against Wugate and had to hand over Yongli Emperor. Alas, Yongli Emperor had been wandering in exile during his reign and was captured by Wugate again. Even worse, he thought it would be better to kill Yongli Emperor on the spot rather than keep him alive any longer - this brutal move is another point of contention.
Lastly, Wu Three Gates sat down in Yunnan and set up an army base. He wanted to make himself a hereditary vassal of Qing China in Yunnan Province; however, Qing China saw through his intentions after he killed Yongli Emperor and began suppressing Wu Three Gates. As their contradictions continued to intensify, Wu Three Gates eventually rebelled against Qing rule with slogans like "Drive away foreign invaders and restore Great Ming". If he said "drive away foreign invaders", we would support him; but if he claimed "support Great Ming", we wouldn't recognize him.
So among all those who surrendered to Qing forces from Ming dynasty generals, Wu Three Gates' reputation stands out as most infamous - not just because of his own actions or subsequent embellishments by popular culture; it's more about how people have come to view him as a symbol of betrayal towards both dynasties involved: Ming and Manchu (Qing).
